Wari uzi ko burya habaho ubwonko bwa kabiri buba mu nda?

Benshi muri twe cyangwa hafi ya twese tuzi kandi tumenyereye ko habaho ubwonko buba mu gice cyo mu mutwe gusa. Nyamara abahanga bagaragaza ko kwa kundi urya ibiryo runaka ukumva urishimye, kwa kundi umubiri ukamura intungamubiri mu byo wariye ntabwo byose biyoborwa gusa n’ubwonko buba mu gice cy’umutwe. Ahubwo bufashwa cyangwa bwunganirwa n’ubundi bwonko, bwitwa ubwonko bwa 2, ari cyo gice cyose kigize urwungano ngogozi kuva mu kanwa kugera mu mara manini.

Kandi koko ni ibintu byoroshye kubyumva kuko iyo uhumuriwe n’ibiryo biryoshye cyane ubyumvira mu nda amara akajorora. Iyo wariye ugahaga cyane wumva ntacyo warenzaho ndetse ku buryo uramutse ukomeje waruka. Iyo ushonje uhita ubyumva, byose ubwonko bwa kabiri bubigiramo uruhare.

Ubushakashatsi bubivugaho iki? 

Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko umubiri wacu ufite za bagiteri nyinshi cyane zaba inziza n’imbi. Gusa kuko inziza ari zo nyinshi nibyo bituma tudahora turwaye. Bagiteri dufite ziruta ubwinshi uturemangingo fatizo tw’umubiri wacu.

Bukomeza bugaragaza ko urusoro iyo ruri mu nda, uko rugenda rukura rumenya impinduka zibaye mu mubare wa za bagiteri zo mu mubiri wa nyina. Bityo bigafasha mu mikorere y’ubwonko. Iyo umwana rero ari kuvuka amira za bagiteri zinyuranye kandi nyinshi zituruka kuri nyina iyo ari kumanuka anyura muri nyababyeyi. Gusa kubera ko ubwonko bwe buba bwarabyitoje mbere, amira za bagiteri nziza gusa zizamugirira akamaro uko akura. Gusa iyo avutse ari uko nyina abazwe izi bagiteri ntabasha kuzibona bityo kugirango azibone bisaba ko umubiri we ukoresha ingufu mu kuzinjiza ziturutse ahandi hanyuranye.

Izi bagiteri zigize umubiri wacu, zigira akamaro mu bihe binyuranye nko mu gihe twagize stress, twinjiwe na bagiteri mbi, twariye cyangwa twanyoye uburozi n’ibifite ubumara, twahinduye imirire cyangwa dukora siporo, n’ibindi.

Ubwonko bwa kabiri

Bagiteri zigize urwungano ngogozi zigira uruhare rukomeye mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ibi biterwa kandi nuko guhera mu kanwa aho rutangirira kugera ku kibuno aho rurangirira, urwungano ngogozi rugizwe na za miliyoni zigera ku ijana z’uturandaryi (neurons).

Uru rwungano ngogozi nirwo rwitwa ubwonko bwa kabiri. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko urwungano ngogozi hamwe n’urwungano rw’imyakura (rugizwe n’ubwonko n’urutirigongo n’ibishamikiyeho) bikorerwa hamwe mu ikorwa ry’umwana. Ndetse si ibyo gusa kuko urwungano ngogozi rufite byinshi ruhuriyeho n’urwungano rw’imyakura.

Ubu nibwo bwitwa ubwonko bwa kabiri

Gusa imikorere y’ubu bwonko bwa kabiri ntabwo ihuye neza n’imikorere y’ubwonko busanzwe. Ahubwo mu buryo butangaje aho hakoreshwa imisemburo, udutwaramakuru (neurotransmitters), ndetse n’ikoreshwa ry’uturandaryi ubu bwonko bwa kabiri bubasha guhanahana amakuru n’ubwonko busanzwe mu buryo buhoraho. Niyo mpamvu utabasha gutandukanya imikorere y’ubwonko bumwe ukwabwo.

Uruhare rw’ibyiyumviro mu mikorere y’ubwonko bwa kabiri

Bitewe n’ukuntu ubwonko n’urwungano ngogozi bikorana, usanga ibyiyumviro n’ubuzima rusange bigira uruhare mu mikorere y’urwungano ngogozi. Akenshi bigaragara neza mu gihe nta mpamvu igaragara iri gutera imikorere idasanzwe y’urwungano ngogozi.

Usanga nk’urugero kuribwa mu nda bitewe n’ibiguhumuriye, kwiyegeranya kw’amara bigasohora umwuka bikanavuga n’ibindi bibazo binyuranye byo mu nda biterwa akenshi n’ibiri kutubaho cyangwa se ibiri mu byiyumviro byacu.

Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bugira uruhare mu buzima bw’urwungano ngogozi.

Biragoye kuba wavura indwara zinyuranye zifata urwungano ngogozi zizwi nka FGID (Functional GastroIntestinal Disorders) utitaye kuri stress n’ibyiyumviro. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko, abavuwe hakoreshejwe uburyo nk’ubwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe (ubujyanama no kuganirizwa) aribo bakize neza kurenza abakoresheje imiti isanzwe yakorewe kuvura izo ndwara.

Muri izo ndwara twavugamo IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) irangwa no kuribwa mu nda, bikira hari igisohotse cg cyinjiye mu nda. Ndetse na Functional dyspepsia, ikaba indwara imeze nk’ibisebe mu gifu. Aho uribwa igice cya ruguru mu nda, igogorwa rikagenda nabi ukumva uhaze ndetse rimwe na rimwe hakaza isesemi no kuruka.

Ubu bwonko bwa kabiri bukorana n’ubwonko busanzwe

Imikoranire y’ubwonko n’urwungano ngogozi igira uruhare mu kuvurwa

Nkuko tubibonye hejuru, zimwe mu ndwara zo mu rwungano ngogozi ziterwa n’ibyiyumviro. Iyo zitinze kuvurwa bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko n’urwungano rw’imyakura bikaba byatera indwara yo gususumira, kwibagirwa vuba n’izindi zinyuranye.

Kubera iyo mpamvu rero kugabanya no kurwanya stress ndetse no kuvura indwara zinyuranye zo mu mutwe ni byo bya mbere mu kurinda no kuvura indwara zinyuranye zifata ubwonko bwa kabiri ari rwo rwungano ngogozi.

Ubu bushakashatsi bigaragara ko bufite uruhare runini mu kugabanya impfu, imikorere mibi y’umubiri ndetse n’indwara zimwe na zimwe zabaye karande cyane cyane izifata urwungano ngogozi.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi mu mikoranire y’ubwonko busanzwe n’ubwa kabiri ni uko tugomba gusobanukirwa yuko ibyo turya n’ibyo tunywa ukongeraho uko tubayeho bigira uruhare mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Niyo mpamvu ubuzima busanzwe ndetse n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bidakwiye gusigana ahubwo bigendera hamwe kuko byose bifatanya kugirango tubeho neza.