Usanga tuvuga ko ibicurane biri mu ndwara zisuzuguritse dore ko n’umuntu utarwaragurika avuga ati nta n’ibicurane bijya bimfata. Namara kandi nkuko tubikesha urubuga rwa OMS/WHO, ibicurane biri mu ndwara zihitana abantu ku isi, ahubwo bibonekamo ibyiciro binyuranye.
Nibyo iyi nkuru igiye kwibandaho
Ibicurane ni indwara yo mu buhumekero, gusa ikaba igira igihe ikunda kuza, cyane cyane ibihe by’imvura n’imbeho, ikaba iterwa na mikorobi yo mu bwoko bwa virusi.
Virusi zitera ibicurane zirimo amoko aho kugera ubu ziri mu moko 4 ariyo A, B, C na D.
Virusi za A
Izi virusi zitera ibicurane bihindukamo ibyorezo bigakwira henshi ku isi. Urugero hano ni ibicurane by’ibiguruka cyangwa ibicurane by’ingurube, byigeze koreka imbaga mu myaka ishize.
Virusi za B
Izi virusi nubwo zidatera icyorezo nka A, kuko zidakwira ibice binini by’isi ahubwo agace zibasiye ni ho ziguma, gusa na zo ziri mu zitera ibicurane bishobora guhitana umuntu
Virusi za C
Izi ni zo zitera ibicurane tumenyereye, nubwo na zo zitera ibicurane byandura ariko ntabwo ziteye ubwoba kuko ntabwo ziragera aho zatera ibicurane bihitana umuntu
Virusi za D
Izi nubwo twazishyize ku rutonde ariko zo ntabwo zifata abantu ahubwo ni virusi zitera ibicurane amatungo, kandi ntabwo kurya amatungo abirwaye byanduza umuntu cyangwa ngo bimutere uburwayi. Gusa aha ntitubyitiranye na A kuko yo umuntu akenshi ayandura abikomoye ku itungo cyangwa inyamaswa, noneho na we akabikwirakwiza, kandi byo birica
Ibimenyetso
Ibimenyetso by’ibicurane harimo umuriro, inkorora kenshi iba ari akayi, kubabara umutwe, kuribwa mu ngingo no guhururwa mu mikaya, kumva utameze neza mu mubiri, ibicurane nyirizina aho uzana ibimyira by’utuzi bigendana no gufungana mu mazuru, ndetse no kuribwa mu muhogo. Hashobora kuzamo kwitsamura.
Gusa ibicurane bya A na B bishobora no kubyara urupfu ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuba bahitanwa na byo nkuko hepfo turi bubibone. Ku isi buri mwaka ibicurane bihitana abasaga ibihumbi 500.
Iyi ndwara ikaba ahanini ihitana abari hejuru y’imyaka 65. naho ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 5, benshi bapfa bishwe n’izi ndwara zo mu buhumekero.
Abafite ibyago kurenza abandi
Nkuko hejuru twabivuze, ibicurane bifite abo byibasira kurenza abandi.
- Abagore batwite
- Abana bari munsi y’imyaka 5
- Abageze mu zabukuru
- Abafite indwara zidakira nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, impyiko zikora nabi, ndetse n’indwara zihungabanya ubudahangarwa nka virusi ya SIDA
- Abakora mu buvuzi kuko bahura na benshi barwaye kandi izi ni indwara zandura
Izi ni indwara zandura byihuse cyane cyane ahantu haba abantu benshi nko mu mashuri, isoko se, kuko iyo uyirwaye yitsamuye cyangwa akoroye akuri iruhande byibuze muri metero, udutonyanga turimo virusi ushobora kuduhumeka, kimwe no kuba wakora aho twaguye, ukaza kwikora ku munwa, izuru cyangwa mu jisho.
Niyo mpamvu igihe ukoroye cyangwa witsamuye usabwa gukingaho inkokora kandi ugakaraba kenshi intoki
Kwirinda
Uretse kuba hari ibicurane bikingirwa, tunasabwa kwita kuri ibi bikurikira cyane cyane iyo icyorezo cyateye
- Gukaraba kenshi intoki n’amazi meza n’isabune, warangiza ukiyumutsa neza
- Kwirinda kwanduza abandi igihe wanduye aho usabwa kutajya ahahurira abantu benshi, gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura ukinzeho ihiniro ry’ukuboko mu nkokora, kandi wakimyira ugakoresha agatambaro gahita kajugunywa, ukakajugunya aho katakanduza abandi
- Kwirinda kwegerana n’uwanduye
- Kudakora ku maso, amazuru n’umunwa utarakaraba.
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