Iyo havuzwe hepatite benshi bahita bagira ubwoba kandi bagahita bumva indwara idakira, ihenze kuyivura, yandurira mu mibonano n’ibindi bitandukanye.
Aha reka tubanze twibutse ko hepatite ziri mu byiciro n’amoko anyuranye hagendewe ku ho yaturutse, gusa bwose bukaba uburwayi bufata umwijima kandi bushobora gutera ibibazo binyuranye harimo kwangirika k’umwijima, kanseri yawo n’ibindi birimo n’urupfu.
Habaho hepatite itewe n’imiti, iyatewe n’inzoga, hakanabaho iterwa na virusi ari nayo izwi cyane ni nayo tugiye kubugaho muri iyi nkuru.
Nubwo hari amoko anyuranye ya hepatite itewe na virusi muri iyi nkuru turibanda kuri hepatite zitewe na virusi A, B na C.
Akenshi iyo ikigufata nta bimenyetso ugaragaza cyane cyane mu byumweru bya mbere. Gusa uko virusi zigenda zororoka mu mubiri niko ugenda ugaragaza ibimenyetso. Muri byo twavugamo:
Gusa kuri hepatite B na C iyo zamaze kuba karande nta bimenyetso zongera kugaragaza kugeza umwijima wamaze kwangirika niho hongera kuboneka ibimenyetso
Iyi hepatite yandura cyane kandi yandura iva ku muntu ijya ku wundi. Uwayanduye usanga ahanini atanamenya ko ayifite dore ko akenshi yo itangiza umwijima cyane kandi iyo ufite ubudahangarwa bukomeye irikiza.
[caption id="attachment_240" align="alignnone" width="493"]
Isuku nke iri mu bitera hepatite A[/caption]
Ahanini yandurira mu byo kurya n’amazi byanduye. Kenshi ibyokurya biribwa bibisi, bitatetswe ngo bishye neza, amazi adatetse cyangwa adasukuye neza nibwo buryo ikunze kwanduriramo. Muri macye isuku nkeya niyo iyikwirakwiza
Nubwo ntawe utayandura ariko hari ababa bafite ibyago kurenza abandi.
Abo ni abatemberera ahantu yiganje cyane, abana barererwa mu bigo bisigwamo abana bato (creche), abasanzwe bafite ubudahangarwa bunaniwe, abakunze kurya ibibisi bidasukuye (guhekenya intoryi, inyanya ukiva kubigura utabanje kuronga, …)
Iyo umuntu mukuru yanduye hepatite B agira ibimenyetso byoroheje ariko bigera aho bikijyana.
Gusa kuko iyi virusi yangiza ubudahangarwa, benshi nyuma indwara ibabaho karande.
Abana bayanduye bo 90% barayikurana. Iyo yabaye karande yangiza umwijima, ukananirwa gukora kandi ukaba wanarwara kanseri
Iyi virusi ya B yandura iyo amaraso yawe ahuye n’amaraso cyangwa andi matembabuzi y’umuntu wanduye. Muri macye yandura kimwe nuko virusi ya SIDA yandura. Gutizanya ibikoresho bikomeretsa, gukora imibonano idakingiye, birayanduza ndetse n’umubyeyi ashobora kuyanduza umwana amubyara.
Kuyandura kuri bose birashoboka ariko hari abafite ibyago kurenza abandi harimo abakora imibonano n’abantu benshi (ushobora kuyikora n’umwe ariko we ayikora na benshi, nawe ubarwa nk’uyikora na benshi), ababana n’umuntu uyirwaye iyo batabyitondeye nabo bashobora kuyandura, kimwe n’abakora aho bashobora guhurira n’amaraso y’abantu banyuranye.
Usanga 25% by’abanduye iyi virusi, ni ukuvuga umwe muri bane, bahangana na yo. Abasigaye ari nabo benshi babana na yo ikababaho karande. Kuyibana biri mu byangiza umwijima bikaba byanawutera kanseri. Gusa ifite imiti
[caption id="attachment_264" align="alignnone" width="643"]
Imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye ikwirakwiza hepatite B na C[/caption]
Iyi nayo yandurira mu maraso yanduye ariko yo ni gacye yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina gusa gukorana imibonano n’abantu batandukanye, gukora imibonano ikomeretsa (nko mu kibuno) byongera ibyago. Aha naho umubyeyi ashobora kuyanduza umwana amutwite, ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gutera tattoo nabyo biri mu biyikwirakwiza.
Abantu baba baratewe amaraso mbere ya 1992 bari mu bashobora kuba bayigendana batabizi (kuko icyo gihe gupimwamo hepatite C ntibyakorwaga). abiteraga inshinge z’ibiyobyabwenge zisangirwa kimwe n’abatewe tatoo bari mu bafite ibyago byinshi
Mu gihe wisuzumishije bagasanga urwaye ubwoko bumwe bwa hepatite, ugomba gufata ingamba zo kwirinda kuba wakanduza abandi.
Hepatite A igusaba isuku ihagije, Hepatite B na C bigusaba kwirinda gukora imibonano idakingiye, kudatizanya ibikoresho bikomeretsa.
Ku ruhande rwawe aho wisuzumishirije niho bazagutegeka icyo gukora aho bazakubwira niba ufata imiti cyangwa igihe cyo kuyifata kitaragera.
Iyi hepatite ubwayo irikiza imiti si ngombwa. Icyakora mu gihe ibimenyetso byayo bikabije nibyo bivurwa nk’igihe ufite isesemi nyinshi usabwa kutarya byinshi ingunga ahubwo ukajya urya ducye kenshi. Ukanywa cyane, ukarya imbuto kandi ukirinda akazi k’ingufu kugeza wumvise ufashe agatege
Iyi igikorwa ni ukuguha imiti irinda ko virusi yakangiza umwijima. Aha abaganga bagenda bareba niba umwijima uri gufatwa no kwangirika. Imiti itangwa ntihabwa abantu bose, aho wivuriza nibo bazakubwira niba wujuje ibisabwa ngo uhabwe iyo miti, aho bagendera ku gipimo cya virusi mu maraso (charge virale/viral load)
Iyi igira imiti inyuranye ikoreshwa mu kuyivura aho hari ifatwa igihe gito (ibyumweru 8) n’ifatwa igihe kinini hagendewe ku buremere bw’indwara.
Muganga niwe uzahitamo umuti agendeye ku buremere uburwayi bwawe bufite, izindi ndwara waba ufite ndetse n’ubushobozi bwawe cyangwa iyo ubwishingizi bwawe bwishyura dore ko ari imiti idapfa kugurwa n’uwo ari we wese
Kwirinda biruta kwivuza dore ko nkuko tubibonye imiti ya hepatite igura umugabo igasiba undi.
Uburyo bwa mbere bwo kwirinda ni ukwikingiza. Urukingo ruriho rukingira virui ya A na B gusa. Abana bavuka muri gahunda y’inkingo bakingirwa hepatite B, ariko n’abakuze ubu barayikingirwa kimwe na hepatite A. hepatite C yo kugeza ubu urukingo rwayo ntiruraboneka.
[caption id="attachment_263" align="alignnone" width="768"]
Isuku ifasha mu kwirinda Hepatite A[/caption]
Isuku ni ingenzi mu kwirinda hepatite A, kwirinda imibonano idakingiye mu gihe uyikorana n’uwo mutabana nabyo bikaba ingenzi mu kwirinda hepatite B na C.
Kwirinda inzoga zikabije, kwirinda gukoresha imiti kenshi no mu gihe utarwaye bikeneye imiti nabyo bizarinda umwijima wawe.
Aha reka tubanze twibutse ko hepatite ziri mu byiciro n’amoko anyuranye hagendewe ku ho yaturutse, gusa bwose bukaba uburwayi bufata umwijima kandi bushobora gutera ibibazo binyuranye harimo kwangirika k’umwijima, kanseri yawo n’ibindi birimo n’urupfu.
Habaho hepatite itewe n’imiti, iyatewe n’inzoga, hakanabaho iterwa na virusi ari nayo izwi cyane ni nayo tugiye kubugaho muri iyi nkuru.
Nubwo hari amoko anyuranye ya hepatite itewe na virusi muri iyi nkuru turibanda kuri hepatite zitewe na virusi A, B na C.
Hepatite irangwa n’iki?
Akenshi iyo ikigufata nta bimenyetso ugaragaza cyane cyane mu byumweru bya mbere. Gusa uko virusi zigenda zororoka mu mubiri niko ugenda ugaragaza ibimenyetso. Muri byo twavugamo:
- Umunaniro udafite impamvu
- Isesemi
- Kunanirwa kurya (ikizibakanwa)
- Kuribwa mu nda cyane cyane ahaherereye umwijima (munsi y’imbavu iburyo)
- Umuriro ariko utari mwinshi cyane
- Amaso y’umuhondo n’uruhu rurimo ibara ry’umuhondo
Gusa kuri hepatite B na C iyo zamaze kuba karande nta bimenyetso zongera kugaragaza kugeza umwijima wamaze kwangirika niho hongera kuboneka ibimenyetso
Hepatite A
Iyi hepatite yandura cyane kandi yandura iva ku muntu ijya ku wundi. Uwayanduye usanga ahanini atanamenya ko ayifite dore ko akenshi yo itangiza umwijima cyane kandi iyo ufite ubudahangarwa bukomeye irikiza.
Yandura ite?
[caption id="attachment_240" align="alignnone" width="493"]
Isuku nke iri mu bitera hepatite A[/caption]Ahanini yandurira mu byo kurya n’amazi byanduye. Kenshi ibyokurya biribwa bibisi, bitatetswe ngo bishye neza, amazi adatetse cyangwa adasukuye neza nibwo buryo ikunze kwanduriramo. Muri macye isuku nkeya niyo iyikwirakwiza
Ni bande bafite ibyago kurenza abandi?
Nubwo ntawe utayandura ariko hari ababa bafite ibyago kurenza abandi.
Abo ni abatemberera ahantu yiganje cyane, abana barererwa mu bigo bisigwamo abana bato (creche), abasanzwe bafite ubudahangarwa bunaniwe, abakunze kurya ibibisi bidasukuye (guhekenya intoryi, inyanya ukiva kubigura utabanje kuronga, …)
2. Hepatite B
Iyo umuntu mukuru yanduye hepatite B agira ibimenyetso byoroheje ariko bigera aho bikijyana.
Gusa kuko iyi virusi yangiza ubudahangarwa, benshi nyuma indwara ibabaho karande.
Abana bayanduye bo 90% barayikurana. Iyo yabaye karande yangiza umwijima, ukananirwa gukora kandi ukaba wanarwara kanseri
Yandura ite
Iyi virusi ya B yandura iyo amaraso yawe ahuye n’amaraso cyangwa andi matembabuzi y’umuntu wanduye. Muri macye yandura kimwe nuko virusi ya SIDA yandura. Gutizanya ibikoresho bikomeretsa, gukora imibonano idakingiye, birayanduza ndetse n’umubyeyi ashobora kuyanduza umwana amubyara.
Ni abahe bafite ibyago cyane?
Kuyandura kuri bose birashoboka ariko hari abafite ibyago kurenza abandi harimo abakora imibonano n’abantu benshi (ushobora kuyikora n’umwe ariko we ayikora na benshi, nawe ubarwa nk’uyikora na benshi), ababana n’umuntu uyirwaye iyo batabyitondeye nabo bashobora kuyandura, kimwe n’abakora aho bashobora guhurira n’amaraso y’abantu banyuranye.
Hepatite C
Usanga 25% by’abanduye iyi virusi, ni ukuvuga umwe muri bane, bahangana na yo. Abasigaye ari nabo benshi babana na yo ikababaho karande. Kuyibana biri mu byangiza umwijima bikaba byanawutera kanseri. Gusa ifite imiti
Yandura ite?
[caption id="attachment_264" align="alignnone" width="643"]
Imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye ikwirakwiza hepatite B na C[/caption]Iyi nayo yandurira mu maraso yanduye ariko yo ni gacye yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina gusa gukorana imibonano n’abantu batandukanye, gukora imibonano ikomeretsa (nko mu kibuno) byongera ibyago. Aha naho umubyeyi ashobora kuyanduza umwana amutwite, ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gutera tattoo nabyo biri mu biyikwirakwiza.
Ni ba nde bafite ibyago byinshi?
Abantu baba baratewe amaraso mbere ya 1992 bari mu bashobora kuba bayigendana batabizi (kuko icyo gihe gupimwamo hepatite C ntibyakorwaga). abiteraga inshinge z’ibiyobyabwenge zisangirwa kimwe n’abatewe tatoo bari mu bafite ibyago byinshi
Wakora iki mu gihe bagusanzemo hepatite?
Mu gihe wisuzumishije bagasanga urwaye ubwoko bumwe bwa hepatite, ugomba gufata ingamba zo kwirinda kuba wakanduza abandi.
Hepatite A igusaba isuku ihagije, Hepatite B na C bigusaba kwirinda gukora imibonano idakingiye, kudatizanya ibikoresho bikomeretsa.
Ku ruhande rwawe aho wisuzumishirije niho bazagutegeka icyo gukora aho bazakubwira niba ufata imiti cyangwa igihe cyo kuyifata kitaragera.
Kuvurwa
Hepatite A
Iyi hepatite ubwayo irikiza imiti si ngombwa. Icyakora mu gihe ibimenyetso byayo bikabije nibyo bivurwa nk’igihe ufite isesemi nyinshi usabwa kutarya byinshi ingunga ahubwo ukajya urya ducye kenshi. Ukanywa cyane, ukarya imbuto kandi ukirinda akazi k’ingufu kugeza wumvise ufashe agatege
Hepatite B
Iyi igikorwa ni ukuguha imiti irinda ko virusi yakangiza umwijima. Aha abaganga bagenda bareba niba umwijima uri gufatwa no kwangirika. Imiti itangwa ntihabwa abantu bose, aho wivuriza nibo bazakubwira niba wujuje ibisabwa ngo uhabwe iyo miti, aho bagendera ku gipimo cya virusi mu maraso (charge virale/viral load)
Hepatite C
Iyi igira imiti inyuranye ikoreshwa mu kuyivura aho hari ifatwa igihe gito (ibyumweru 8) n’ifatwa igihe kinini hagendewe ku buremere bw’indwara.
Muganga niwe uzahitamo umuti agendeye ku buremere uburwayi bwawe bufite, izindi ndwara waba ufite ndetse n’ubushobozi bwawe cyangwa iyo ubwishingizi bwawe bwishyura dore ko ari imiti idapfa kugurwa n’uwo ari we wese
Kwirinda
Kwirinda biruta kwivuza dore ko nkuko tubibonye imiti ya hepatite igura umugabo igasiba undi.
Uburyo bwa mbere bwo kwirinda ni ukwikingiza. Urukingo ruriho rukingira virui ya A na B gusa. Abana bavuka muri gahunda y’inkingo bakingirwa hepatite B, ariko n’abakuze ubu barayikingirwa kimwe na hepatite A. hepatite C yo kugeza ubu urukingo rwayo ntiruraboneka.
[caption id="attachment_263" align="alignnone" width="768"]
Isuku ifasha mu kwirinda Hepatite A[/caption]Isuku ni ingenzi mu kwirinda hepatite A, kwirinda imibonano idakingiye mu gihe uyikorana n’uwo mutabana nabyo bikaba ingenzi mu kwirinda hepatite B na C.
Kwirinda inzoga zikabije, kwirinda gukoresha imiti kenshi no mu gihe utarwaye bikeneye imiti nabyo bizarinda umwijima wawe.
AMAGARA ARASESEKA NTAYORWE
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